Author (s) : DOI : 10.32692/IJDI-ERET/8.1.2019.1901

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1). Sankit Kassa, Usha Mittal Institute of Technology, MUMBAI, Maharastra, India
2). Shikha Nema, Usha Mittal Institute of Technology, MUMBAI, Maharastra, India

Abstract :

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It is the demand and necessity of time to achieve a reliable and low power consumption circuit designs for a very fast growing field of low power circuit designing at nano technology. The Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) can be an alternative of CMOS approach for this low power nano-scale regime due to its small size, extremely high speed of operation, reliable circuit designing and robustness in the structure. In this presentation, a novel 5-input majority gate has been presented using Rotated Majority Gate structure only. Rotated Majority Gate (RMG) is a fundamental logic gate in QCA approach similar to Original Majority Gate. Mathematical proof for RMG Gate is obtained and structural analysis for 5-input MG has been carried out systematically. Based on the proposed 5-input MG, a novel design of 1-bit Full Adder has been implemented which requires very less number of cell counts, area and clock cycles in its design. QCADesigner 2.0.3, a simulation tool, has been used for checking the working condition of the proposed approaches.

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Author (s) : DOI : 10.32692/IJDI-ERET/8.1.2019.1902

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1). Sagar S. Kanjiya, Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
2). Darshit S. Dadhaniya, Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology, RAJKOT, Gujarat, India
3). Bhavin J. Vegada, Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

Abstract :

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Waste cooking oil (WCO) is typically cheaper than diesel fuel and has much less impact on food-chain, so its use as biodiesel can reduce the cost of diesel run operations. Restaurants in Rajkot city generate500 gm to 5 kg of WCO per day. Recycling part of the waste cooking oils in the form of biodiesel can reduce the need of diesel fuel and also reduce import bill of country. Alkaline catalysts transesterification of waste cooking oils, collected within Rajkot City, with methanol was carried out in a laboratory. The effects of methanol/waste cooking oils ratio, potassium hydroxide concentration and temperature on the biodiesel conversion were investigated. Biodiesel yield of 88–90% was obtained at the methanol/oil ratios of 7:1–8:1, temperatures of 30–50 ? and 8 gm KOH. Biodiesel and its blends with diesel were characterized for their physical properties referring to a substitute for diesel fuel. The results showed that the biodiesel experienced a higher but much narrower boiling range than conventional diesel. Blends with a percentage of the biodiesel below 30 vol% had their physical properties within EN14214 standard, which indicated that these could be used in engines without a major modification.

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Author (s) : DOI : 10.32692/IJDI-ERET/8.1.2019.1903

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1). M. N. Poshiya, Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology Rajkot, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
2). K. C. Agola, Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

Abstract :

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Energy usage and energy conservation are greatly inter related and corresponds to a main concern in the world. Renewable energy soUrces are an inevitable in the sustainable development technologies in which the needs of this generation and for next generation for need of energy. Nowadays increasing energy demand and environmental issues have inspired many researchers for searching an alternative option to fulfill the energy demand. In such a case, solar energy appears as the most attractive option due to its abundance and clean feature. Today solar thermal technologies are the popular advanced techniques. The performance of solar thermal technology is dependent on certain factors. Among these factors, heat transfer fluids like water, air, antifreezes like ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hydrocarbon oils etc. have a very crucial role in heat transfer through the effective utilization of solar thermal energy in solar water heater. The phase changing material (PCM)are latest development in the solar water heater. The system efficiency depends on temperature of the different heat transfer fluids used. Hence their performance analysis. also holds greater importance in this area. In this thesis work, a performance analysis on the solar collector of solar water heater system with different heat transfer fluids is being illustrated. The experiment is conducted using varying concentrations of heat transfer fluid mixture. The time period of experiment was 22 April to 26 April, 2019. Starting from 08:00 am to 06:00 pm with observation was taken every one and half hour from data logger attached to J type thermocouples connected to different collectors and different water tanks.

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Author (s) : DOI : 10.32692/IJDI-ERET/8.1.2019.1904

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1). A. O. Ibeje, Imo State University, Owerri, NIGERIA
2). H. I. Mbachu, Imo State University, Owerri, NIGERIA
3). V. A. Wirnkor, Imo State University, Owerri, NIGERIA

Abstract :

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Crude oil waste contains recalcitrant pollutants and bioreactors offer a significant mechanism for the removal of these pollutants. The present work is concerned with the finding of the optimum conditions for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using bioreactors from crude oil sludge. The Box-Wilson method of experimental design was adopted to establish relationships between three operating variables (dosage of oxygen, PAHs concentration and pH) that affect the treatment process. The experimental data were successfully fitted to a second-order polynomial mathematical model which was used to optimize the treatment process in discontinuous mode at laboratory scale. The most favorable operating condition for the treatment include; oxygen dosage (0.4g), PAHs concentration (20mg/L) and pH (6). On using the optimum conditions, a mathematical model simulating the treatment process was obtained. The results show that the bioreactor is very effective in removing PAH from crude oil sludge.

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Author (s) : DOI : 10.32692/IJDI-ERET/8.1.2019.1905

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1). Dr.T.R. Ganesh Babu, Muthayammal Engineering College, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India
2). Dr.J. Kirubakaran, Muthayammal Engineering College, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India
3). R. Dhivyabharathi, Anna University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

Abstract :

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Medical image fusion is pivotal to extract accurate information from medical images for disease diagnosis. This is used to amalgamate various images from same or different sources. In this work, Computed Tomography (CT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) images are fused by means of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), curve let transform and multimodal image fusion. The current researches for disease diagnosis mainly focus on the identification of optimal method that consumes less time with high accuracy in order to ensure patient safety. Therefore, this work aims to find the suitable method by comparing various transform techniques for accurate analysis of medical images. The CT and PET images are used in this paper to obtain both anatomical and physiological information of human body and these images are utilized for image fusion by principal component analysis (PCA) and maximum method. The reliability of the techniques is calculated by performance analysis and is hence inferred that multimodal image fusion provides better accuracy than the rest of the methods. However, the future work will be to validate the results for a greater number of input images.

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